ABSTRACT
Introduction:The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic is a continuing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), result in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). By May 27th, 2020, over 5.61million people have been infected with COVID 19 across the globe in over 200 countries with more than 350,000 deaths. So far more than 2.3million people have recoveredfrom the COVID 19 pandemic.Objective:To review literatures associated withvarious pathophysiology on the body systems identified and published so as to guide effective management of patient with COVID 19. To highlight some pathological dimensions of the systems significantly affected by COVID 19 to identify gaps for the enhancement of further studies Methodology:The LILACS-BIREME, SCIELO, PUBMED, ACADEMIA, SCIENCE DOMAIN databases and some textbooks were accessed for the study. Scientific papers published in English between January and May, 2020 on the pathophysiology of COVID 19 were reviewed. A total of 89 reports published between 1stJanuary 2020 to 29thMay 2020 were identified and reviewed. Sixty-sevenpublications meeting the inclusion criterion on COVID 19 pathophysiology were selected for this review. Finally, an analysis was conducted and the papers were assessed in agreement with the study objectives.Results andDiscussion:The review has discovered different pathophysiological changes on about sevenbody systems namely respiratory, cardiovascular, hematological, nervous, urinary, digestive and reproductive systems.Conclusion:There are a lot of pathophysiological dimensions that have devastating effect on the body systems which may need immediate investigations, treatmentand further studies.
ABSTRACT
Introduction:The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been found to be the cause of this current pandemic of corona virusinfection (COVID 19), (World Health Organization (WHO) 2020). It is of interest to note that Wuhan, which is located in the Hubei province of China, was the first community within which this outbreak was first identified in December 2019. There is high morbidity and mortality among the elderly patients with COVID-19 than the young and middle-aged patients. Again, most of the morbidity and mortality have comorbid conditions (presence of more than one disease in one person) from 1 to 3 in addition to COVID 19 and most of these conditions are age related.Objective:The aim of this work is to describe changes in biological processes in aged population in relation to the presence of a possible comorbidity vis-à-vis COVID 19. To review publications and other studies associated with biological changes in the ageing process as well as identifying some specific comorbidity among the aged. To develop an appropriate health educational programs to protect the aged population on COVID 19. To develop an educational strategy on COVID 19 for the aged and the general public.Methodology:The LILACS-BIREME, SCIELO, PUBMED, ACADEMIA, SCIENCE DOMAIN databases and some textbooks were consulted for the study. Scientific papers published English between January and March, 2020 on the subject of COVID 19 among the aged were selected for inclusion. A total 65 of studies published between January 1st, 2020 to March 30th, 2020 and some textbooks on Anatomy and Physiology were identified and evaluated. Twenty-seven (27) articles meeting the inclusion criterion (COVID 19 among the aged) were selected for this review. Finally, an analysis was conducted and the papers were assessed in agreement with the study objectives. Results andDiscussion:The studies reviewed discovered a high prevalence and mortality of COVID 19 among the aged with comorbidity due to deterioration in ageing process in Respiratory and the Immune systems. Conclusion:It is recommended that some further research be done locally on COVID 19 to increase the knowledge on this subject in Ghana. It is also recommended that an appropriate health educational strategy be developed to create awareness among the aged.